Will a Palestinian state 1) ever come into being and 2) what will be its borders?
1) The first question depends entirely and exclusively on Palestinians. Currently, if hypothetically speaking a Palestinian state came into existence it would be an Iranian terrorist proxy run by Hamas for the simple reason that about half of all Palestinians are Hamas supporters and most Palestinians support terrorism against Jewish civilians and fighting to destroy the world’s only Jewish state until the end. Palestinian political culture denies the extremely well-documented ancient and continuous Jewish historical connection to the land, seeks to expel all Jews from Israel and considers all of Israel ”from the river to the sea” as occupied territory awaiting ”liberation”. What would the consequences be for the Palestinians of the establishment of a Palestinian state? There would persistent rocket attacks and terrorist attacks against Israel and Israel would invade to disarm the terrorist entity just as it did in Gaza. Israel would be once more accused of genocide despite taking every precaution to avoid civilian casualties and yes there would inevitably be Palestinian mass casualties in the tens of thousands in such a war to protect Israeli civilians. But here is the point, the UK government and all the other self-righteous international advocates of unconditional Palestinian statehood would take no responsibility for contributing to the emergence of a terrorist entity and would instead blame Israel. This is what happened in Gaza. The international community consistently told Israel to withdraw and then blamed Israel for the consequences of following their own advice. Experience tells Israel that no matter what Israel does will most of the international community blame the Jewish nation. If there is ever to be a Palestinian state, this can only be with Israel’s consent and Palestinian political culture will have to be completely transformed in a) accepting Zionism as a legitimate national movement, b) sincerely recognizing the Jewish historical connection to the land, c) stop demanding immigration to Israel and d) stop incitement to terrorism. Otherwise it will simply not happen because Israelis are not suicidal. The inevitable alternative outcome to Palestinian statehood is that after another 50 years will Israel thanks to the Haredi demographic revolution in Israel annex the entire West Bank and offer citizenship to its Palestinian population.
2) The second question is the border issue and depends only on Israel because Israel holds all levers and will continue to do so. If Palestinian political culture genuinely transforms and paves the way for Palestinian statehood, Israel will reciprocate and offer Palestinians sovereignty over Palestinian regions currently inside Israel, namely the Central Galilee, ”the Triangle” border communities and the main Bedouin region in northeastern Negev as well as the uninhabited Halutza dunes as intended for dense urban skyscraper settlement of millions of descendants of Palestinian refugees. The Palestinian state will also include the Nablus, Ramallah and Hebron regions in Judea and Samaria while all Jewish communities there and in Israel will be part of sovereign Israel. The Trump peace plan proves that settlements are not in any way whatsoever an obstacle to partition and Palestinian statehood. The northern and southern Palestinian neighborhoods in East Jerusalem will become part of the Palestinian state while central East Jerusalem where Jews once more live will remain part of Israel. This solution is a partition between the country’s Jewish and Arab populations with two states for two peoples. Gaza will of course also be part of the tunnel-contiguous Palestinian state provided that it is properly demilitarized. The Druze villages will all remain part of Israel.
Conclusion: This is the equation. Palestinians alone exclusively determine through their own behavior whether they will ever have a Palestinian state. Israel determines the borders, meaning that all Jewish and mixed communities will be part of Israel while exclusively Palestinian communities will be part of the contiguous Palestinian state. Palestinians have another 50 years time to change or else they will be annexed altogether. Anyone sincerely seeking a Palestinian state should encourage a comprehensive change in Palestinian political culture rather than mindlessly bashing Israel.